Neo-Hellenic Koine Greek Transliterator

✦ Gamma (γ): BGN/PCGN 1962 uses plain g. We use gh for the hard velar fricative /ɣ/ (as in the Spanish lago) to distinguish it clearly from a stop. Before front vowels (ε η ι ει οι) it becomes y, as in both our system and the standard.

✦✦ Chi (χ): BGN/PCGN 1962 uses kh. We use ch, reflecting the guttural /x/ sound of German ich and Scottish loch — a sound English readers are more likely to recognise correctly from ch than from kh, which tends to be read as a hard k.

✦✦✦ Omicron-upsilon (ου): BGN/PCGN 1962 uses ou. We use u, reflecting the pure /u/ sound (as in moon) more directly for a general reader.

† av / af and ev / ef: αυ and ευ are voiced (/av/, /ev/) before vowels and voiced consonants, and voiceless (/af/, /ef/) before voiceless consonants (κ τ π σ φ θ χ ξ ψ). Applied automatically.

Note on θ and dh: θ (th) is the voiceless dental fricative as in thin. δ (dh) is the voiced dental fricative as in this. These are distinct sounds in Modern Greek.